Difference Between Implicit, Explicit & Fluent Wait

 

Implicit Wait: During Implicit wait if the Web Driver cannot find it immediately because of its availability, the WebDriver will wait for mentioned time and it will not try to find the element again during the specified time period. Once the specified time is over, it will try to search the element once again the last time before throwing exception. The default setting is zero. Once we set a time, the Web Driver waits for the period of the WebDriver object instance.
Explicit Wait: There can be instance when a particular element takes more than a minute to load. In that case you definitely not like to set a huge time to Implicit wait, as if you do this your browser will going to wait for the same time for every element.
To avoid that situation you can simply put a separate time on the required element only. By following this your browser implicit wait time would be short for every element and it would be large for specific element.
Fluent Wait: Let’s say you have an element which sometime appears in just 1 second and some time it takes minutes to appear. In that case it is better to use fluent wait, as this will try to find element again and again until it find it or until the final timer runs out.

1 ) public WebElement getWhenVisible(By locator, int timeout) {

     WebElement element = null;

     WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeout);

      element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(locator));

       return element;

       }

2) public void clickWhenReady(By locator, int timeout) {

    WebElement element = null;

    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeout);

    element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(locator));

    element.click();

     }

Implicit Wait :

Implicit Wait: Sets a timeout for all successive Web Element searches. For the specified amount of time it will try looking for element again and again before throwing a NoSuchElementException.  It waits for elements to show up.

Selenium WebDriver has borrowed the idea of implicit waits from Watir. This means that we can tell Selenium that we would like it to wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception that it cannot find the element on the page. We should note that implicit waits will be in place for the entire time the browser is open. This means that any search for elements on the page could take the time the implicit wait is set for.

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

driver.get("http://url_loading");

WebElement myDynamicElement = driver.findElement(By.id("myDynamicElement")); 


Fluent Wait :
Each FluentWait instance defines the maximum amount of time to wait for a condition, as well as the frequency with which to check the condition. Furthermore, the user may configure the wait to ignore specific types of exceptions whilst waiting, such as NoSuchElementExceptions when searching for an element on the page.
// Waiting 30 seconds for an element to be present on the page, checking

  // for its presence once every 5 seconds.

  Wait wait = new FluentWait(driver)

  .withTimeout(30, SECONDS)

  .pollingEvery(5, SECONDS)

  .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

  WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function() {

   public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {

   return driver.findElement(By.id("foo"));

  }

  });

  
Explicit Wait :   
It is a one-timer, used for a particular search. It is more extendible in the means that you can set it up to wait for any condition you might like. Usually, you can use some of the prebuilt ExpectedConditions to wait for elements to become click-able, visible, invisible, etc.

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); 

WebElement element =wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("someid")));